VFX vs GRAPHICS

Photoshop anti-aliasing - feathered edge

2010-03-07T18:46:00.004-08:00

Softening the edges of a selection

We can smooth the hard edges of a selection by anti- aliasing and by feathering.

Feathering:

1. Feathering a selections somewhat similar to smoothing.
2. It doesn’t straighten the selection border but blurs it.
3. With feathering , we will get a smooth transition between selected and non- selected areas. The transition gradually blends the edges of the selection.
4. This smoothing can cause some loss of detail at the edge of the selection.

Photoshop anti-aliasing:

1. Select the lasso, polygonal lasso, magnetic lasso, rounded rectangle marquee, elliptical marquee Or magic want tool.
2. Select Anti-aliased in the Options bar.

Photoshop feathered edge for a selection tool:

1. Select any of the lasso or marquee tools.
2. Enter a Feather value I the Options bar. This value defines the width of the feather edge and can range from 1to 250 pixels.

Photoshop Color Range

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1. Choose select > Color Range.
2. For Select, choose the sampled colors tool
3. Select one of the display options:
4. sampling color
5. Adjust the range of colors using the Fuzziness slider or Position the pointer over the image or preview area, and click to sample the colors we want included, by entering a value. To decrease the range of colors selected, decrease the value . Increasing Fuzziness expands selection.
6. Adjust the selection by clicking the eyedropper icon.
7. To preview the selection in the image window, choose an option for selections preview:
8. To revert to the Original selection, hold down lat or Option, and click Reset,
9. Click OK to make the selection.

Selection Menu

2010-03-07T18:46:00.001-08:00

We might have noticed that in addition to the selection tools that we have just learned. Abut there’s also a select menu, as discussed earlier, through which we had selected the whole image select all
1. Deselect: removes the selection e have made.
2. Reselect : replaces the selection we have accidentally deselected.
3. Inverse: let’s us select everything except the one object that we have already selected. With many photographs. It will be easier to select what we don’t want included in the selected. With many photographs. It will be easier to select what we don’t want included in the selection that it would be to choose what we want included. So select the area that we don’t want selected and then chooses the selection menu and the Invert command. This inverts or reverses the selection, leaving us with the desired area selected.

Magic Wand Tool

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To use the Magic Wand Tool:
1. Select the magic wand tool
2. In the options bar, specify whether to add a new selection , add to an existing selection, subtract from a selection, or select an area intersected by other selection, The magic wand cursor changes depending on which options is selected.
3. For Tolerance, enter a value in pixels, ranging from 0 to 255. Enter a low value to select colors very similar to the pixel we click, or enter a higher value to select a broader range of color.
4. To define a smooth edge, select Ant aliased.
5. To select only adjacent areas using the same colors. Select contiguous. Otherwise, all pixels using the same colors will be selected.
6. To select colors using data from all the visible layers, select Use All Layers. Otherwise, the magic wand tool selects colors from the active layer only.
7. In the Image, click the color we want to select . If contiguous is selected. All adjacent pixels within the tolerance range are selected. Otherwise. All pixels In the tolerance range are selected. That is in this way we can select the black stick in the previous image fully, without losing the adjacent pixels.

Magnetic Lasso Tool

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We can use the magnetic lasso tools to make freehand selections of areas with high contrast edges. When we draw with magnetic lasso. The border automatically

Selecting with Magic Wand
The magic wand tool selects adjacent pixels in an image based on their similarity in color.

Lasso Tool

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The lasso and polygonal lasso tool help in drawing both straight-edged and freehand segments of a selection border. With the magnetic lasso tool in Photoshop. The border snaps to the edges of defined areas in the image.
We can use the lasso tool to make selections that require both freehand and straight lines.

Use of opting Bar

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In the options bar, there are the following options

1. Add a new selection
2. Add to a selection
3. Subtract from a selection
4. Select an area intersected by other selections

Before making the selection if we want to soften the edges of a selection we will have to specify a feathering setting in the options bare before we make the selection . We can turn anti-aliasing on or off for the rounded rectangle or elliptical marquee.

In the tool option bare we have also got style option for the rectangle. Rounded rectangle, or elliptical marquee.

1. Normal: to determine marquee proportions by drugging
2. Constrained Aspect Ratio: to setting a height and width. Enter values for the aspect ration.
3. Fixed Size: to specify set values for the marquee’s or document bounds by checking up the option of View > Snap To > Guides.

Selection Tools & Selection Menu

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Perhaps the most basic process of using Photoshop is selecting an area in order to work on it. If we want too modify a particular section of an image. Than we must select it. Once we have selected a part of an image . We can cut the abject out: add drop shadows: adjust the brightness/contrast; warp it: apply effects and filters easily in fact. Anything we like. Mangle Wand tool. Which selects areas of like color and density and has a variable tolerance feature, which increases or limits the similarity of selection, but most professionals will use the lasso or pen tools, magnifying the image so they can carefully outline it, Different shapes, objects, and image types require different tools and methods Below is a collection of the various selections tools, the marquee tools the lassos, the magic wand, and from the is a collection of the various selection tools, the marquee tools, the lassoers the magic wand , and , from the select menu, color Range. When we choose a selection tool in the toolbox, the first thing we should do is check its options bar. The settings we used last will still be active.

Photoshop Tool Option Bar

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Most tools have options that are displayed in the tool options bar. The tool options bar changes as different tools are selected. Some tool options bares are common.

To display the tool options bar. Select Window >show Options or Single-click a tool in the toolbox.

To return a tool or all tools to the default settings, choose Reset Tool or Reset All Tools from the context menu or Select Edit > Preferences > General , then click Reset All Tools.

To move the options bar , Drag the title bar at the left edge of the options bar. (Photoshop) Grab the gripper bar at the left edge of the options bar. The gripper bar will only appear if the options bar is docked at the top or bottom of our screen.

Photoshop Tools Presets

We can customize and save our own tools with palette called Tools Preset. Once the Presets are created we can use them repeatedly. We can create Libraries of these customized presets and store them in Presets Manager. With these presets we save a lot of our works time.

Path Type, share tools.

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This group constitutes of selection tools, type tool, path tool, shape tools:
1. the path selection tools make shape or segment selections showing anchor points, direction lines. And directing points.
The type toll creates type on an image. The horizontal and vertical type tools create types in horizontal and vertical respectively. These tow tools acquire foreground color by default. Where as the horizontal type mask tool and vertical type mask too create a selection in the shatterproof number and alphabets.
1. the pen tools let us draw smoothes-edged paths.

Other tools
1.the Annotating tool makes notes and voice annotations that can be attached to an image.
2. The Eye dropper tool samples colors in an image.

Viewing Tools.
1. the hand tool move an image within tips window.
The zoom tool magnifiers and reduces the view of images.

Tool Option bare
Most tool have options that are displayed in the too options bare. The tool options bare changes an different tools re selected. some tool option bares are common.

To display the tool options able, select window>show options or single-click a tool in the tool box.
To return a tool or all tools to the default setting, choose reset tool oar reset all tools from the context menu or select Edit >preference>General, then click reset All tools.

Painting Tools

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The members of painting tool group are an airbrush , paintbrush pencil, & rubber stamp.
1. The Healing Brush and Patch Tolls rectify the imperfect area of the image.
2. The color Replacement tool replaces a selected color with a new color.
3. the paintbrush tool paints brush stokes.
4. the pencil tool paints hard-edged strokes.
5. the clone stamp tool paints with a sample of an image.
6. the pattern stamp toll paints with part of an image as pattern.
7. the history brush tool paints a copy of the selected state or snapshot into the current image window.
8. the art History brush tool paints with stylized strokes that simulate the look of different paint styles , using a selected state or snapshot.
9. the eraser tool erases pixels and restores part of an image to a previously saved state.
10. the background eraser tool erases areas to transparency by dragging.
11. the magic eraser tool erases solid-colored areas to transparency with a single click.
12. the gradient tools create straight-line , radial, angle reflected, and diamond, blends between colors.
13. the paint bucket tool fills similarly colored areas with the foreground color.
14. the blur tool blurs hard edges in an image.
15. the sharpen tool sharpens soft edges in an image
16. the smudge tool smudges data in an images.
17. the dodge tool lightens areas in an images.
18. the burn tool darkens areas in an images.
19. the sponge tool changes the color saturation an area
.

Photoshop tool are

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Photoshop tool are:
Marquee tools
Lasso tools
Crop tool
Healing brush , path, color replacement tools,
Clone stamp tool
Smudge, sharpen ,blur tool,
Clone stamp tool
Eraser tool
Path selection tools
Pen tool
Note stool
Hand tool
Foreground color
Edit in standard mode standard mode to
Toggle image ready
Selection tools
The group at the top of the toolbox is called as selection tool. It constitutes of there kinds:
1. the marquees
2. the lassos
3. the magic wand.
The selection tools are used to select all or part of a picture
The marquee tool marquee tools make rectangular, elliptical, single row and single column selections.

1. The move tool moves selections, layer, and guides.
2. the lasso tools make freehand polygonal
3. The magic wand tool selects similarly colored areas.
4. The slice tool creates slices. The slice selecting tool selects slice.

Using online services

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To determine a suggested resolution for an image:
1. chooe image > Image size.
2. Click auto.
3. For screen enter the screen frequency for the output device. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement.

Note that the screen value is used only to calculate the image resolution. Not to set the screen for printing.
4.forquality, select an option: Draft to produce a resolution the same as the screen frequency .Good the produce resolution 1.5time the screen frequency.
.
5.click ok.

This is the new feature in Photoshop cs. It allows us to send images form Photoshop service provider such as online sharing campaniles. The service list may be updated each time we select the online services command.
1. select file > online service.
2. In the online services assistant dialog box , select a service from the list.

Tool Box & Tool options Bar

The tool box like an artist’s work table or paint box. holds all the tools we will use to drew, paint, erase and other wits work on the picture. There are four categories of tools in photo shops toolbox:

To change the print dimensions and resolution of an image

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Image size

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importing PDF files

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Opening and importing PDF files and use
Files ending in .PDF extension are in adobe portable documents feat the PDF format allow for much higher level of page formatting and layout than is possible with current versions of html and somewhat easier to implement when the original source documents generated by

1.chose file>automate>multi-page to psd
2.under source PDF. click the choose button and select the file we want to import image form.
3.under page range, specify a range of pages to import.
4. under output options specify a resolution, choose a color mode, and set the anti-alias opting for rasterizing each page of the pdf file.
5. under destination enter a base name for the generated files. The click the choose button, and select the location where we want to save
6. click ok.

Opening postscript artworks
The EPS format includes postscripts vector artwork, widely compatible with a verity of desktop publishing and graphics applications. As its name suggests each image is made up of the same postscript commands that will be eventually send to the postscript based output device.

To open an eps file

1. choose file> open.
2. select the file we want to open. And click open,
3. Indicate the desired dimensions, resolution and mode to donation the same height to with ration , select constrain proportions.
4. Select anti-aliased to minimize ache jagged appearance of the artworks edges, as it is restudied.
5. Click ok.

creating new image

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we can work on image in Photoshop bye creating new images, scanning image and importing existing images, the new command lets us create a blank image. Creating a new image involves five key decisions. Image name image width height, image resolution image Mode and image contents.

To create a new image
1. To be the image dimensions and resolution on the clipboard contents select file >new. If the clipboard does not contain image date the imge dimensions and resolution are based on the last image we created.
2. 2. If desired, type a name for the image, and se the width and height. We can select a file size from the ready presets available in preset size drop-down menu. To match the width and height of the new image to the of any open image select a filename from the bottom selection of the windows menu.
3. set the resolution and mode. Set the pixel rate to 8 bits or 16 bits.
4. select an option for the contents of the background layer or fist layer of image
5. under advanced, select a color profile, or select a color profile, or select don’t color manage this document.
6. for pixel aspect ratio, select square
7. After filling all the relevant fields.. e can save the settings by clicking save reset bottom
8. Click ok.

Introduction of Photoshop

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Adobe Photoshop cs is said to be high-end image-editing software for Multimedia professionals like photographers, designers, Animators and graphic producers,

Adobe Photoshop cs software delivers the broadest and most productive toolset available for web production, print production, and digital photography. with Photoshop’s we at peak efficiency. and achieve the highest quality results across all media. It provides integrated tolls for creating and outputting crisp, editable vector shapes and text. With these new tools, we these new tools we can incorporate resolution independent, vector0based graphics and type into pixel-based images to achieve an unparalleled range of design effects.

Pixel information

Pixels are tiny colored squares that we can see if we increase the magnification of any image to its maximum. A typical image contains millions of pixels. Which is why digital camera output is defined in megaplxels in bitmap—based image, the more pixels an image contain, the higher its resolution.

Pixel content

It is the number of pixels in the image both horizontally and vertically. For example with a pixel dimension 300*300 an image has a total of 900000 pixels.

Image resolution

Definition” resolution is measurement of the output quality of an image usual in terms of samples, pixels cloth or line per inch.
The number of pixels per unit of length in an image is callused the image resolution . The resolution of an image is determined by the muber of pixels per inch printed.

Image resolution
The most important thing to understand about resolution is the relationship between an images resolution and image print size width and a high resolution has more pixels
Then an image of the same dimension with a low resolution.
In graphic industry, image are referred oa sass high resolution or low resolution high resolution would be an image intended for print generally having 300 pixels per inch or more.

Path Type, share tools ,

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Path Type, share tools.

This group constitutes of selection tools, type tool, path tool, shape tools:
1. the path selection tools make shape or segment selections showing anchor points, direction lines. And directing points.
The type toll creates type on an image. The horizontal and vertical type tools create types in horizontal and vertical respectively. These tow tools acquire foreground color by default. Where as the horizontal type mask tool and vertical type mask too create a selection in the shatterproof number and alphabets.
3. the pen tools let us draw smoothes-edged paths.

Other tools
1.the Annotating tool makes notes and voice annotations that can be attached to an image.
2. The Eye dropper tool samples colors in an image.

Viewing Tools.
1. the hand tool move an image within tips window.
The zoom tool magnifiers and reduces the view of images.

Tool Option bare
Most tool have options that are displayed in the too options bare. The tool options bare changes an different tools re selected. some tool option bares are common.

To display the tool options able, select window>show options or single-click a tool in the tool box.
To return a tool or all tools to the default setting, choose reset tool oar reset all tools from the context menu or select Edit >preference>General, then click reset All tools.

Tool Box & Tool options Bar -B

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Tool Box & Tool options Bar

The tool box like an artist’s work table or paint box. holds all the tools we will use to drew, paint, erase and other wits work on the picture. There are four categories of tools in photo shops toolbox:

Photoshop tool are:
Marquee tools
Lasso tools
Crop tool
Healing brush , path, color replacement tools,
Clone stamp tool
Smudge, sharpen ,blur tool,
Clone stamp tool
Eraser tool
Path selection tools
Pen tool
Note stool
Hand tool
Foreground color
Edit in standard mode standard mode to
Toggle image ready
Selection tools
The group at the top of the toolbox is called as selection tool. It constitutes of there kinds:
1. the marquees
2. the lassos
3. the magic wand.
The selection tools are used to select all or part of a picture
The marquee tool marquee tools make rectangular, elliptical, single row and single column selections.

1. The move tool moves selections, layer, and guides.
2. the lasso tools make freehand polygonal
3. The magic wand tool selects similarly colored areas.
4. The slice tool creates slices. The slice selecting tool selects slice.

Painting Tools
The members of painting tool group are an airbrush , paintbrush pencil, & rubber stamp.
1. The Healing Brush and Patch Tolls rectify the imperfect area of the image.
2. The color Replacement tool replaces a selected color with a new color.
3. the paintbrush tool paints brush stokes.
4. the pencil tool paints hard-edged strokes.
5. the clone stamp tool paints with a sample of an image.
6. the pattern stamp toll paints with part of an image as pattern.
7. the history brush tool paints a copy of the selected state or snapshot into the current image window.
8. the art History brush tool paints with stylized strokes that simulate the look of different paint styles , using a selected state or snapshot.
9. the eraser tool erases pixels and restores part of an image to a previously saved state.
10. the background eraser tool erases areas to transparency by dragging.
11. the magic eraser tool erases solid-colored areas to transparency with a single click.
12. the gradient tools create straight-line , radial, angle reflected, and diamond, blends between colors.
13. the paint bucket tool fills similarly colored areas with the foreground color.
14. the blur tool blurs hard edges in an image.
15. the sharpen tool sharpens soft edges in an image
16. the smudge tool smudges data in an images.
17. the dodge tool lightens areas

Tool Options Bar -- photoshop

2010-02-06T22:53:00.004-08:00

Most tools have options that are displayed in the tool options bar. The tool options bar changes as different tools are selected. Some tool option bars are common.

To display the tool options bar , select window> show options or shingle-click a tool in the toolbox
To return a tool or all tool to the default settings , choose Reset Tool or Reset All Tools from the context menu or select Edit> preferences> General , then click Reset All Tools.

To move the options bar, drag the title bar at the left edge of the options bar .Grab the gripper bar at the left edge of the option bar. The gripper bar will only appear if the options bar is docked at the top or bottom of our screen.

Path, Type, and Shape Tools

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This group constitutes of selection Tools type tool , path tool, shape tools:

• The Path Selection Tools make shape or segment selections showing anchor points, direction lines, and direction points.
• The Type Tool creates type on an image. The Horizontal an Vertical Type tools create types in horizontal and vertical respectively. These two tools acquire foreground color by default. Where as the Horizontal Type mask Tool and vertical Type Mask Tool create a selection in the shape of numbers and alphabets.
• The Pen tools let us draw smooth-edged paths.

• The Custom shape tool make systemized shapes selected from a custom shape list.

Painting Tools

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The members of painting tool group are an airbrush, paintbrush, pencil, rabbet stamp.

• The Healing Brush and Patch Tools rectify the imperfect area of the image.
• The color Replacement tool replaces a selected color with a new color.
• The paintbrush Tool paints brush strokes.
• The pencil Tool paints hard-edged strokes
• The clone stamp tool paints with a sample of an image
• The pattern stamp Tool paints with part of an image as a pattern.
• The History Brush Tool paints a copy of the selected state or snapshot into the current image window.
• The art History Brush Tool paints with stylized strokes that simulate the look of different paint styles, using a selected state or snapshot.
• The Eraser Tool erases pixels and restores parts of an image to a previously saved state.
• The back ground Eraser Tool erases areas to transparency by dragging.
• The Magic Eraser Tool erases areas to transparency by dragging.
• The Gradient tools create straight-line , radial, angle, reflected, and diamond, blends between colors.
• The paints bucket Tool fills similarly colored areas with the foreground color.
• The Blur Tool blurs hard edges in an image.
• The sharpen Tool sharpens soft edges in an image
• The Smudge Tool smudges data in an image
• The Dodge Tool lightens areas in an image
• The Sponge Tool changes the color saturation of an area

Selection Tools

2010-02-06T22:52:00.002-08:00

The group at the top of the toolbox is called as Selection tool. It constitutes of three kind:

1. The Marquees
2. The Lassos
3. The Magic Wand.

The selection tools are used to select all or part of a picture

The marquee tool make rectangular , elliptical , single row , and single column selections.

• The Move Tool moves selections, layers, and guides.
• The Lasso Tools make freehand, polygonal magnetic selections
• The Magic Wand Tool selects similarly colored areas.
• The crop Tool trims images.
• The slice Tool creates slices, the slice selection tool selects slices.

Tool Box & Tool Options Bar

2010-02-06T22:52:00.001-08:00

The tool box. Like an artist’s work table or paints box, holds all the tools we’ll use to draw, paint , erase and other wise work on the picture. There are four categories of tools in photoshop’s toolbox.

1. Marquee tools
2. Lasso tools
3. crop tool
4. Clone Stamp tool
5. Eraser tool
6. Smudge, Sharepen Blurtool
7. Path Selection Tools
8. Pen Tools
9. Notes Tool
10. Hand tool
11. Foreground Color
12. Default Color
13. Edit in Standard Mode
14. Standard Mode
15. Toggle Image Ready
16. Move tool
17. magic wand tool
18. Slice tool
19. Paintbrush tool
20. History brush tool
21. Gradient , Paint Bucket tool
22. Dodge, Sponge tool
23. Type tool
24. Shape tool
25. Eyedropper tool
26. Zoom tool
27. switch color
28. back ground color Quick Mask mode
29. Screen modes Toggle

COPY AND PASTING SELECTION 4. Activate landscape file and go to select menu and activate select > All command or press Ctrl . With this the entire L

2010-01-26T17:50:00.001-08:00

4.
Activate landscape file and go to select menu and activate select > All command or press Ctrl . With this the entire Landscape is selected.
5
Select Edit >Copy and activate Fairyland file and paste in selection in the file.
6.
Activate Fairy .jpg and here we will notice that entire background is white in color. So instead of selecting fairy with lasso it is easier to select background and then inverse the selection.
7.
Activate Magic Wand tool and click on the white area tin the image. We will see that though it is selecting the entire white background. It is also selecting some body part of the fairy. Which was wand to avoid? As the default tolerance is set to 32 the coverage of area getting sleeted slighter.
8.
Select>Deselect or press Ctrl + D to deselect the selection.
9.
In the option bar set tolerance to 20, and click the white area in the imager. The selection is restricted only to white area and now the body part is not getting selected.

10.
Go to select >Inverse or press shif+ctrl + 1 to inverse the selection. Which this the fairy and cupid and the bottom left of the images are selected. As we need just the fairy selected. We will subtract the cupid from the active selection.

11.
Press Mend we will see that the Marquee tool is highlighted in the toolbox. Select Elliptical marquee and in its option bar activate subtract from the selection command.

12.
Dreg the selection around the cupid and make sure that it is no more a pat of the fairy selection. Edits the subtract mode.

13.
We will create a faint glow around the fairy to make it look prominent in the artwork.

Understanding selection & Creating New File in Photohop

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Understanding selection

Making a good selection using appropriate tools is the base of creating good worls in photoshop. We must know the easy way of adding and subtracting seletions when required . In this assignment we are going to lean working with selection tools, fill color and copy paste commands.
Creating New File

1.
Go to File> Open and open Fairy . jpg. Landscape . Jps and Flowers jpg files from the courseware folder.

2.
we will create our artworl in the new file. To create a new file in the same. Size of Landscape. Jpg. File. Go to file>New and then selet windows> Document> Landscape. Jpg. File to get the exact dimensions.

3.
Name the file as Fairyland and click OK.

anti-aliasing & feathered edge for a selection tool

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Photoshop anti-aliasing:

1. Select the lasso, polygonal lasso, magnetic lasso, rounded rectangle marquee, elliptical marquee Or magic want tool.
2. Select Anti-aliased in the Options bar.

Photoshop feathered edge for a selection tool:

1. Select any of the lasso or marquee tools.
2. Enter a Feather value I the Options bar. This value defines the width of the feather edge and can range from 1to 250 pixels.

Softening the edges of a selection & Feathering

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Photoshop Color Range

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1. Choose select > Color Range.
2. For Select, choose the sampled colors tool
3. Select one of the display options:
4. sampling color
5. Adjust the range of colors using the Fuzziness slider or Position the pointer over the image or preview area, and click to sample the colors we want included, by entering a value.
6. To decrease the range of colors selected, decrease the value .
7. Increasing Fuzziness expands selection.
8. Adjust the selection by clicking the eyedropper icon.
9. To preview the selection in the image window, choose an option for selections preview:
10. To revert to the Original selection, hold down lat or Option, and click Reset,
11. Click OK to make the selection.

Selection Menu

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Selection Menu
We might have noticed that in addition to the selection tools that we have just learned.
*Abut there’s also a select menu, as discussed earlier, through which we had selected the whole image select all
1. Deselect: removes the selection e have made.
2. Reselect : replaces the selection we have accidentally deselected.
3. Inverse: let’s us select everything except the one object that we have already selected.
4. With many photographs. It will be easier to select what we don’t want included in the selected.
*With many photographs. It will be easier to select what we don’t want included in the selection that it would be to choose what we want included.
* So select the area that we don’t want selected and then chooses the selection menu and the Invert command.
*This inverts or reverses the selection, leaving us with the desired area selected.

Lasso Tool & Magic Wand Tool

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agnetic Lasso Tool
We can use the magnetic lasso tools to make freehand selections of areas with high contrast edges. When we draw with magnetic lasso. The border automatically

Selecting with Magic Wand
The magic wand tool selects adjacent pixels in an image based on their similarity in color.

To use the Magic Wand Tool:
1. Select the magic wand tool
2. In the options bar, specify whether to add a new selection , add to an existing selection, subtract from a selection, or select an area intersected by other selection, The magic wand cursor changes depending on which options is selected.
3. For Tolerance, enter a value in pixels, ranging from 0 to 255. Enter a low value to select colors very similar to the pixel we click, or enter a higher value to select a broader range of color.
4. To define a smooth edge, select Ant aliased.
5. To select only adjacent areas using the same colors. Select contiguous. Otherwise, all pixels using the same colors will be selected.
6. To select colors using data from all the visible layers, select Use All Layers. Otherwise, the magic wand tool selects colors from the active layer only.
7. In the Image, click the color we want to select . If contiguous is selected. All adjacent pixels within the tolerance range are selected. Otherwise. All pixels In the tolerance range are selected. That is in this way we can select the black stick in the previous image fully, without losing the adjacent pixels.

Use of opting Bar & Lasso Tool

2010-01-21T17:17:00.000-08:00

Use of opting Bar

In the options bar, there are the following options

1. Add a new selection
2. Add to a selection
3. Subtract from a selection
4. Select an area intersected by other selections

Before making the selection if we want to soften the edges of a selection we will have to specify a feathering setting in the options bare before we make the selection . We can turn anti-aliasing on or off for the rounded rectangle or elliptical marquee.

In the tool option bare we have also got style option for the rectangle. Rounded rectangle, or elliptical marquee.

1. Normal: to determine marquee proportions by drugging
2. Constrained Aspect Ratio: to setting a height and width. Enter values for the aspect ration.
3. Fixed Size: to specify set values for the marquee’s or document bounds by checking up the option of View > Snap To > Guides.

Lasso Tool

The lasso and polygonal lasso tool help in drawing both straight-edged and freehand segments of a selection border. With the magnetic lasso tool in Photoshop. The border snaps to the edges of defined areas in the image.
We can use the lasso tool to make selections that require both freehand and straight lines.

Selection Tools & Selection Menu

2010-01-18T16:41:00.001-08:00

Photoshop Tools Presets

2010-01-18T16:40:00.002-08:00

We can customize and save our own tools with palette called Tools Preset. Once the Presets are created we can use them repeatedly. We can create Libraries of these customized presets and store them in Presets Manager. With these presets we save a lot of our works time.

Photoshop Tool Option Bar

2010-01-18T16:40:00.001-08:00

Path Type, share tools , viewing tools and other tools

2010-01-18T16:38:00.000-08:00

Painting Tools

2010-01-15T17:54:00.004-08:00

Photoshop tool are:

2010-01-15T17:54:00.003-08:00

Marquee tools
Lasso tools
Crop tool
Healing brush , path, color replacement tools,
Clone stamp tool
Smudge, sharpen ,blur tool,
Clone stamp tool
Eraser tool
Path selection tools
Pen tool
Note stool
Hand tool
Foreground color
Edit in standard mode standard mode to
Toggle image ready
Selection tools
The group at the top of the toolbox is called as selection tool. It constitutes of there kinds:
1. the marquees
2. the lassos
3. the magic wand.
The selection tools are used to select all or part of a picture
The marquee tool marquee tools make rectangular, elliptical, single row and single column selections.

1. The move tool moves selections, layer, and guides.
2. the lasso tools make freehand polygonal
3. The magic wand tool selects similarly colored areas.
4. The slice tool creates slices. The slice selecting tool selects slice.

Using online services

2010-01-15T17:54:00.001-08:00

This is the new feature in Photoshop cs. It allows us to send images form Photoshop service provider such as online sharing campaniles. The service list may be updated each time we select the online services command.
1. select file > online service.
2. In the online services assistant dialog box , select a service from the list.

Tool Box & Tool options Bar

The tool box like an artist’s work table or paint box. holds all the tools we will use to drew, paint, erase and other wits work on the picture. There are four categories of tools in photo shops toolbox:

To change the print dimensions and resolution of an image

2010-01-15T17:52:00.000-08:00

To change the print dimensions and resolution of an image
1. chose image > image size.
2. Change the print dimensions, image resolution, or both to change only the print dimensions or only the resolution and adjust the total number of pixels in the image proportionately, make sure that resample image is selected. Then choose an interpolation method to change the print dimensions and resolution without changing the total number of pixels in the image, deselect resample image
3. to maintain the current proportions of image width to image eight elect constrain proportions. This option automatically updates the width as we change
4. Under Document size enter new values for the height and width. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement toe that for width the column option us the width and gutter sizes. Specified in the units rulers preferences.
5. for resolutions enter a new value if desired choose a new uit of measurement.
6. click ok.

To determine a suggested resolution for an image:
1. chooe image > Image size.
2. Click auto.
3. For screen enter the screen frequency for the output device. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement.

Note that the screen value is used only to calculate the image resolution. Not to set the screen for printing.
4.forquality, select an option: Draft to produce a resolution the same as the screen frequency .Good the produce resolution 1.5time the screen frequency.
.
5.click ok.

Image size -Pixel Aspect Ratio

2010-01-15T17:51:00.000-08:00

Image size

1. Choose Image> image size.
2. make sure that resample image is selected. And choose an interpolation method.
3. to maintain the current proportions of pixel width to pixel height. Select constrain proportions.
4. under pixel dimensions. Enter values for with and height to enter value as percentage the image appears at the top of the dimension and resample the images.

Pixel Aspect Ratio

In the now fle dialog box window the preset file size in the preset menu crates image at size and pixel aspect ratio when incorporated into video. Using the preset file sizes. We can produce images for specific video systems nets, pal or hdtv an image is made up of pixels that are square. an image displayed on a video monitor is analog and does not involve pixel shape. No square pixels are the most commonly use by encoding devices for video. When immuring an image read by a square pixel graphics program, in to video editing program the squared pixels are scaled to the no square piles for video encoding the scaling results in a distorted image.

To open an eps file

2010-01-14T18:07:00.002-08:00

1. choose file> open.
2. select the file we want to open. And click open,
3. Indicate the desired dimensions, resolution and mode to donation the same height to with ration , select constrain proportions.
4. Select anti-aliased to minimize ache jagged appearance of the artworks edges, as it is restudied.
5. Click ok.

Opening and importing PDF files and use

2010-01-14T18:07:00.001-08:00

creating new image

2010-01-14T18:06:00.000-08:00

Pixel information

2010-01-14T18:05:00.001-08:00

Pixels are tiny colored squares that we can see if we increase the magnification of any image to its maximum. A typical image contains millions of pixels. Which is why digital camera output is defined in megaplxels in bitmap—based image, the more pixels an image contain, the higher its resolution.

Pixel content

It is the number of pixels in the image both horizontally and vertically. For example with a pixel dimension 300*300 an image has a total of 900000 pixels.

Image resolution

Definition” resolution is measurement of the output quality of an image usual in terms of samples, pixels cloth or line per inch.
The number of pixels per unit of length in an image is callused the image resolution . The resolution of an image is determined by the muber of pixels per inch printed.

Image resolution
The most important thing to understand about resolution is the relationship between an images resolution and image print size width and a high resolution has more pixels
Then an image of the same dimension with a low resolution.
In graphic industry, image are referred oa sass high resolution or low resolution high resolution would be an image intended for print generally having 300 pixels per inch or more.

Introduction of Photoshop

2010-01-12T18:19:00.001-08:00

Path Type, share tools.

2010-01-12T18:17:00.000-08:00

Painting Tools

2010-01-11T07:48:00.002-08:00

Tool Box & Tool options Bar

2010-01-11T07:48:00.001-08:00

The tool box like an artist’s work table or paint box. holds all the tools we will use to drew, paint, erase and other wits work on the picture. There are four categories of tools in photo shops toolbox:

Photoshop tool are:
Marquee tools
Lasso tools
Crop tool
Healing brush , path, color replacement tools,
Clone stamp tool
Smudge, sharpen ,blur tool,
Clone stamp tool
Eraser tool
Path selection tools
Pen tool
Note stool
Hand tool
Foreground color
Edit in standard mode standard mode to
Toggle image ready
Selection tools
The group at the top of the toolbox is called as selection tool. It constitutes of there kinds:
1. the marquees
2. the lassos
3. the magic wand.
The selection tools are used to select all or part of a picture
The marquee tool marquee tools make rectangular, elliptical, single row and single column selections.

1. The move tool moves selections, layer, and guides.
2. the lasso tools make freehand polygonal
3. The magic wand tool selects similarly colored areas.
4. The slice tool creates slices. The slice selecting tool selects slice.

To determine a suggested resolution for an image

2010-01-11T07:46:00.000-08:00

To determine a suggested resolution for an image:
1. chooe image > Image size.
2. Click auto.
3. For screen enter the screen frequency for the output device. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement.

Note that the screen value is used only to calculate the image resolution. Not to set the screen for printing.
4.forquality, select an option: Draft to produce a resolution the same as the screen frequency .Good the produce resolution 1.5time the screen frequency.
.
5.click ok.

Using online services
This is the new feature in Photoshop cs. It allows us to send images form Photoshop service provider such as online sharing campaniles. The service list may be updated each time we select the online services command.
1. select file > online service.
2. In the online services assistant dialog box , select a service from the list.

Photoshop Introduction

2009-12-29T18:18:00.000-08:00

Adobe Photoshop cs is said to be high-end image-editing software for Multimedia professional like photographers, designers, Animators and graphic producers.
Adobe Photoshop cs software delivers the broadest and most productive toolset available for web production, print production, and digital photography. Results across all media. It provides integrated tools for creating and outputting crisp, editiable vector shapes and text. With these new tools, we ca incorporate resolutinindependent, vector-based graphics and type into pixel-based images to achieve an unparalleled range of design effects.

Adobe photoshop cs new features help us t customize keyboard shortcuts to suit our work. We can assign a new or existing shortcut to menu items, tools and palette command. We can create PDF presentation with page transition by converting multiple files into a single, multi-page adobe document. The new filter gallery helps us to apply a series of filters to an images. New web photo gallery template features allow collecting feedback from clients through email.

PC Games List A-C

2009-12-29T18:17:00.000-08:00

• 1701 A.D.
• A Farewell to Dragons
• Alien vs Predator
• Alone in the Dark 5
• Alpha Protocol
• Arcenal of Democracy
• AREA 51
• ARMED ASSAULT
• Assasins Creed
• Assasins Creed 2
• Aztaka
• Batman Arkham Asylum
• Battlefield 1943
• Battlefield Bad Company 2
• Battlestations Pacific
• Bionic Commando
• BIOSHOCK
• BIOSHOCK 2
• BloodRayne 2
• Blur
• Borderlands
• Braid
• Brothers in Arms Hell's Highway
• Bully Scholarship Edition
• CALL OF DUTY 4
• Call of Duty 4 Modern Warfare 2
• Call of Duty World At War
• Call of Juarez: Bound in Blood
• Championship Manager 2010
• Chaos Legion
• Cities XL
• Civilization 4
• Civilization 4 Colonization
• Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs
• Club
• Code of Honor 3 Desperate Measures
• Command And Conquer 3 Tiberium Wars
• Command and Conquer 4 Tiberian Twilight
• Company of Heroes Tales of Valor
• Condemned Criminal Origins
• Conflict Denied Ops
• CRAZY TAXI
• Cricket Revolution
• Cryostasis

Image size

2009-12-28T07:14:00.000-08:00

1. Choose Image> image size.
2. make sure that resample image is selected. And choose an interpolation method.
3. to maintain the current proportions of pixel width to pixel height. Select constrain proportions.
4. under pixel dimensions. Enter values for with and height to enter value as percentage the image appears at the top of the dimension and resample the images.

Pixel Aspect Ratio

In the now fle dialog box window the preset file size in the preset menu crates image at size and pixel aspect ratio when incorporated into video. Using the preset file sizes. We can produce images for specific video systems nets, pal or hdtv an image is made up of pixels that are square. an image displayed on a video monitor is analog and does not involve pixel shape. No square pixels are the most commonly use by encoding devices for video. When immuring an image read by a square pixel graphics program, in to video editing program the squared pixels are scaled to the no square piles for video encoding the scaling results in a distorted image.

To change the print dimensions and resolution of an image
1. chose image > image size.
2. Change the print dimensions, image resolution, or both to change only the print dimensions or only the resolution and adjust the total number of pixels in the image proportionately, make sure that resample image is selected. Then choose an interpolation method to change the print dimensions and resolution without changing the total number of pixels in the image, deselect resample image
3. to maintain the current proportions of image width to image eight elect constrain proportions. This option automatically updates the width as we change
4. Under Document size enter new values for the height and width. If desired, choose a new unit of measurement toe that for width the column option us the width and gutter sizes. Specified in the units rulers preferences.
5. for resolutions enter a new value if desired choose a new uit of measurement.
6. click ok.

chose file

2009-12-25T18:08:00.000-08:00

Image resolution

2009-12-20T05:14:00.000-08:00

Image resolution

Definition” resolution is measurement of the output quality of an image usual in terms of samples, pixels cloth or line per inch.
The number of pixels per unit of length in an image is callused the image resolution . The resolution of an image is determined by the muber of pixels per inch printed.

Image resolution
The most important thing to understand about resolution is the relationship between an images resolution and image print size width and a high resolution has more pixels
Then an image of the same dimension with a low resolution.
In graphic industry, image are referred oa sass high resolution or low resolution high resolution would be an image intended for print generally having 300 pixels per inch or more.

creating new image
we can work on image in Photoshop bye creating new images, scanning image and importing existing images, the new command lets us create a blank image. Creating a new image involves five key decisions. Image name image width height, image resolution image Mode and image contents.

To create a new image
1. To be the image dimensions and resolution on the clipboard contents select file >new. If the clipboard does not contain image date the imge dimensions and resolution are based on the last image we created.
2. 2. If desired, type a name for the image, and se the width and height. We can select a file size from the ready presets available in preset size drop-down menu. To match the width and height of the new image to the of any open image select a filename from the bottom selection of the windows menu.
3. set the resolution and mode. Set the pixel rate to 8 bits or 16 bits.
4. select an option for the contents of the background layer or fist layer of image
5. under advanced, select a color profile, or select a color profile, or select don’t color manage this document.
6. for pixel aspect ratio, select square
7. After filling all the relevant fields.. e can save the settings by clicking save reset bottom
8. Click ok.

Introduction of Photoshop

2009-12-17T04:42:00.000-08:00

PhotoOptics User Guide

2009-12-14T18:17:00.000-08:00

Fireworks and Photoshop compatible Digital-Optical Color Filters

I. OVERVIEW

CSI PhotoOptics filters provide the most efficient and precise way to color
correct your image based on traditional photographic principles. CSI
PhotoOptics consists of eight filters designed for use by graphic designers
creating images. These filters are designed to bring out the maximum
potential in your image by controlling and manipulating exposure,
contrast and colorcasts. Included are powerful controls for color negative
inversal and special effects such as accurate
Sepia tones, infrared simulations and flexible noise generation.

II. FEATURE HIGHLIGHTS

CSI PhotoOptics filters are based on photographic methods and can
manipulate and modify RGB images.

True Photographic Color Correction
==================================
PhotoOptics provides several filters designed for color correction. For
example, the CSI Levels filter is used to increase or reduce contrast in
specific parts of the tonal range.

Creative Tools for Colorization
===============================
The CSI GradTone filter can be used as a quick way to colorize an image.
The CSI HueSlider can slide an image toward a specific target color.
The CSI Monochrome filter produces a monochromatic image using Hue,
Saturation and Exposure controls.

Photographic Gel and Lens Filter Effects
========================================
The CSI PhotoFilter is useful for modifying the color cast of the entire
image, matching the effects of gels and optical filters used by
photographers. In addition to adding or subtracting specific colors, you
can also manipulate the exposure of the image.

True Color Negative Inversal and Infrared Simulations
=====================================================
PhotoOptics' CSI Negative filter converts a scanned negative to a positive
image with additional control over highlight, shadow and overall exposure
to counter the effect of tonal compression found in negative film. It can be
used to create pop art effects or to mimic the look of infrared film.

Flexible Noise Generation
=========================
The CSI Noise filter creates photorealistic random noise throughout the
image. Apply noise in varying size and density of grain. A Luminance
control switches the Noise filter from color noise to brightness noise. Use
this filter to simulate grain in film, and also to make monochromatic
backgrounds blend seamlessly into composites.

III. USER INTERFACE

All of the PhotoOptics filters feature a common user interface. This makes
navigating in the filter dialogs more intuitive. Here are some of the tools
you will be using.

Dynamic Previews
================
At the top of each PhotoOptics filter are 'before' and 'after' previews.
The first preview on the left is a thumbnail of the original image. This
thumbnail does not change. The second preview on the right is dynamic, and
allows you to see the changes you specify in realtime.

On-Line Help
============
All of the filters have a help button located at the bottom right of the
filter dialog. The help screen highlights the functions of each button or
icon in the filter. Click the Finished button to return to the filter
dialog.

Reset, Cancel and OK
====================
All PhotoOptics filters have three buttons labeled Reset, Cancel and OK.
Clicking on the OK button causes the filter to apply the current settings
to the image, or selected areas of the image. Clicking on the Cancel button
closes the filter's dialog without any changes to the image. Clicking on
the Reset button sets all the controls in that filter to their default
positions. PhotoOptics filters remember the last settings used when the
filter was closed either by clicking on the Cancel or OK buttons.

Color Selection
===============
There are generally at least two ways to choose color in most of the filters:

The primary method is by using the actual color correction presets as in
the case of CSI PhotoFilter or CSI MonoChrome.

The second method of picking a color is by using the eyedropper button in
the appropriate filters. To use the eyedropper click the button first to
engage color sampling. This causes the eyedropper button to reverse out.
Move the eyedropper cursor on top of the desired color and click again.
This sets the sampled color to be the current color in the swatch. The
eyedropper will sample colors from the image, the Windows Desktop or other
swatches open in the background. In short, it will sample any color that
you are able to move the cursor on top of.

The third way to select color is by clicking on the color swatch, or
swatches that most of the filters have. Clicking on the color swatch
displays the System color picker. You can then choose the desired color.

Presets
=======
Each filter has its own set of default settings or presets which you can
customize further. The controls for default settings consist of three buttons
and a popup menu. The popup menu is used to select a previously saved or
supplied setting. The buttons are Save, New and Delete. The Delete button
is inactive or gray in color if no named preset has been selected.

The Save button will save the current settings into whatever name is
currently shown. If no named preset is selected, the Settings option allows
you to save a new preset.

The New button allows you to save a new preset based on your current
settings. When entering a name for a new preset, do not use any character
other than letters or numbers. If you type in a character that is a System
7 Menu command such as "(", "^", "<", "*" or "!" these characters will be
automatically converted to "*". If you type a name that already exists in
the list of presets, an alert dialog will appear, asking if you wish to
replace the existing preset with the same name. Click on the Replace
button to use the new settings in place of the old.

The difference between Save and Replace is that newly created defaults
using the Replace and New buttons append the new defaults at the end of the
list, while the Save button leaves the updated name at its current position
in the list of defaults.

To delete an already saved or previously saved preset, select the preset
first, then click on the Delete button.

IV. USING THE FILTERS

Startup Defaults
================
When starting a PhotoOptics filter for the first time after installation,
the controls will be at the Reset position. After using a filter at least
once, one of two actions may occur depending on when the filter is called.
If the filter is called a second time without quitting Fireworks first, the
same defaults, including the preset's name, is retained. If the filter is
called after Fireworks is started again, the last-used settings are
remembered, but not the preset's name.

Grayscale Equivalent
====================
PhotoOptics filters often do calculations based on a grayscale equivalent.
The grayscale equivalent is a luminance scale that is used to measure the
brightness of a color, as opposed to its hue. The average value of the
three primary colors: red, green and blue (RGB) are calculated, and this
value is used in brightness computations. The grayscale equivalent value is
useful when we need to know what gray would produce the same brightness as
the mixture of colors being viewed.

CSI GradTone
============
The CSI GradTone filter is analogous to using a split field or graduated
chromatic filter on your camera lens. These traditional filters have color
spread over only half of their field, or in differing densities over the
entire surface. CSI GradTone's functionality extends well beyond this. Use
GradTone to selectively infuse parts of the image with a color, quickly
colorize an image using any number of colors, reproduce chemically correct
sepia tone reproductions and other effects.

How does it work?
This filter is used to replace or add to the existing colors of an image
based on the luminance of the image. The filter first computes the
grayscale equivalent of each pixel in the image and then either replaces
the pixel's components with new colors or applies the new colors in a
transparent fashion. It is important to note that CSI GradTone preserves
the tonal integrity of the image. In other words, color changes that are
introduced do not change the appearance of the original image in terms of
density. Only the color values change. This is especially important when
creating effects such as sepia, where it is important to preserve detail in
the original while the colors change.

The current color can be selected in one of two ways: Click on the large
color swatch to bring up the System Color Picker. Another method is to
click with the eyedropper on one of the preset color swatches in the filter
dialog.

Once a color has been selected, you need to apply that color to the black
Gradient Scale. The bar represents the total tonal range of the image
ranging from 0 to 255. We have added a static grayscale reference bar
beneath the Gradient Scale.

Placing a color at any point along the Gradient Scale will have an effect
on the pixels in the image that correspond to that position.

The transparency or opacity button when clicked allows the filter to either
replace the affected pixels with the colors on the black bar, or to apply
the colors on the black bar in a transparent fashion.

Transparent mode: In this mode, CSI GradTone results are filtered on top of
the existing image in a transparent fashion. This introduces a subtle cast
to the affected parts of the image.

Opaque mode: In this mode, the results of the filter override the existing
image completely. The results of this operation can produce striking
posterized effects.

If parts of the Gradient Scale are left Black, it indicates that no color
will be applied. This is similar to the effect produced by the clear glass
portion of a split field or graduated lens filter. In other words, no color
is added to the parts of the image corresponding to the black parts of the
Gradient Scale.

Note:
When we view the image in the Transparent mode, pixels corresponding to
Black on the Gradient Scale will not be affected. In the Opaque mode, the
corresponding range of pixels will be converted to a gray color with the
same luminosity as the original.

The Reverse Scale button switches the colors on the Gradient Scale from
left to right and right to left. Clicking on this button causes low
luminance settings to become high luminance settings and the reverse.

CSI GradTone can be used to generate subtle as well as precise color
replacements. Special cursor movements have been built in to facilitate
this. When applying a color to the Gradient Scale, if you wish the color to
be applied to either ends of the scale, first position the cursor anywhere
on the scale. Then click and move the cursor off the bar either to the left
or to the right towards 0 and 255 respectively. To blend two colors
seamlessly, sample the 'hot spot' of one of the color gradients in the
Gradient Scale, and click and drag to extend it in the direction of the
other color gradient. A hot spot is the area of the color where you first
clicked to lay it down on the Gradient Scale. This operation causes a smear
effect into the other color.

By applying many colors to the Gradient Scale in conjunction with gradient
and smear functions, very complicated color replacement schemes can be
derived.

The magnifying glass button above the eyedropper is called the Density
Scale. This may be used to examine the Gradient Scale to know the grayscale
equivalency of a certain color on the bar. The Density Scale mode stays on
as long as the mouse button is held down over the bar.

Hints and Tips
Remember that CSI GradTone replaces or enhances colors in the original
image by placing colors on the Gradient Scale. If we choose bright colors
to replace the shadow areas or dull colors to replace the highlights of an
image we can disrupt the tonal range of the image. This may in fact be the
effect you are seeking.

Graphic designers can use the luminance to color conversion feature of
GradTone to create striking effects. This filter is a favorite of
scientists and doctors for its ability to accurately highlight tones in
specific colors for clear viewing. An example: An x-ray consists only of
grayscale tones, some of which may be similar in appearance. By assigning
different colors to different gray scale values the resulting colored image
is much easier to interpret than a gray scale with small level differences.

CSI HueSlider
=============
This filter is used to slide an image toward a specified target color.
There are separate sliders for each of the primary colors: red, green and
blue. A fourth slider called Flood is used to control the amount of color
mixing and the saturation of the color. The function of the Flood slider is
to flood the image with the selected color, with maximum colorization
occurring when the slider is closest to level 255. All 4 sliders range in
value from 0 to 255.

Hints and Tips
Sliding the Flood control towards the right increases the apparent
brightness of an image dramatically achieving a washed out effect. CSI
HueSlider is a useful filter for quickly matching hue casts between images.

CSI Levels
==========
CSI Levels is designed for photographers and employs metaphors that are
easily understood by photographers for correcting tonal contrast in images.

CSI Levels allows you to manipulate the tonal range and exposure settings
for an image along perceptual lines, allowing for a maximum range for
highlights and shadow detail. It is now possible to assign deep blacks to
parts of shadow areas without compressing the rest of the tonal range to
accommodate this.

This filter is used to achieve two distinct, but similar effects
simultaneously. The primary purpose is to increase or decrease the
distinction between shades of color in an image. The visual effect of
carrying out this operation is accompanied by a change in overall contrast
and sharpness. There are many applications for this filter. CSI Levels can
be used to change the density of shadows and highlights, it can push
shadows into complete darkness or wash out highlights completely.
Additional controls for exposure settings allow you to obtain the best
overall exposure for the selected range of highlight and shadow detail.

The sharpening effect of CSI Levels is a result of how the eye interprets
blurring. The eye associates blurring with fine shade differences. This is
how anti-aliasing works. In anti-aliasing, the edges of objects are broken
down into a series of shades, the eye seeing these shades interprets the
edge as being less sharp. By preserving or enhancing the relationship of
adjacent colors, these fine differences are removed causing an apparent
increase in pixel level sharpness.

The Equalize button allows balancing the effects of shadow and highlight
settings to produce a more pleasing effect.

CSI Levels' approach to highlight and shadow compensation is different from
that of most curve setting tools, or tools based on a histogram. These
other tools shift the pixel brightness levels, while CSI Levels changes the
pixel's actual color values. The two effects are similar but not the same.
Additionally, increasing contrast using the other tools causes the new
values to be fit into a compressed histogram or tonal range.

How does CSI Levels operate on the tonal range?
CSI Levels alters contrast along perceptual lines. In order to alter tonal
contrast in an image, CSI Levels stretches the tonal range between -50% to
150%, expanded from the normal range of 0 to 100%. This creates a
temporarily expanded color space for tonal corrections. After you have made
your changes, this expanded color space can be compressed more smoothly
into the 0 to 255 range of levels. This technique helps to preserve tonal
relationships and produces smooth ramps and even distribution of tones.
This is especially critical when fine work is required such as working with
skin tones. Use the Exposure Control field to further enhance the smooth
quality of the image. CSI Levels with its extensive exposure controls
generally produces very satisfying results. Negative shadow values increase
sharpness or distinction between tones. Positive highlight values also
increase sharpness or tonal distinction. However you may run the risk of
losing valuable highlight detail in certain images. Adjust the overall
exposure to compensate for shadow or highlight settings that create an
image that is too dark or too light. in general, the equalize control
produces a more acceptable image than is produced by leaving the shadow
and highlight settings at different levels. There are cases when individually
setting highlight/shadow settings are preferable. If there is too much
shadow or highlight but the balance of the image is correct, then separate
adjustment is preferable.

As with all filters do not repeat the effects of a filter over and over.
Doing so will possibly destroy the desired effect. If you increase or
decrease contrast by applying the Levels filter repetitively, the smooth
quality of the image will be affected adversely.

CSI MonoChrome
==============
The CSI MonoChrome filter converts a color image into a monochromatic
image. This effect is similar to creating a duotone image in Photoshop. CSI
MonoChrome offers more controls to allow you to easily create monochromatic
images with greater flexibility. Related functions such as Hue, Saturation
and Exposure controls are offered within the same dialog. This is
advantageous because it allows you to customize your effect and eliminates
the need to process the image multiple times. As you are probably aware,
multiple passes of color correction will eventually degrade the image.

Hints and Tips
When creating a monochromatic image with extremes of color, either very
dark or bright, the exposure control should be adjusted to ensure that the
shadows or highlights are not lost during the monochromatic coloring
process.

CSI MonoChrome can also be used to convert a selected area of an image into
a gray scale representation of the image by reducing the saturation to zero.

CSI Negative
============
The CSI Negative filter is used to convert a negative film scan into a
positive image. CSI Negative has great value as a production tool for
accurate conversion of negative film into positive by removing the orange
cast in the base of the film stock; as well as for converting final color
images into negatives for output where required.

The properties of a negative film image are not just the inverse of a
positive image. If that were true then simply inverting the colors would
suffice. The chemical process that creates color negative film also
logarithmically compresses the inverted data and matches the inverted
colors to that of the acetate carrier material that generally has an orange
tint. The Negative filter addresses this tonal compression, removes the
orange cast and inverts the image data.

To convert a scanned color negative into a positive image, click on the
Reversal film check box. This enables color correction and tonal
decompression. If this option is left unchecked, only color inversion with
shadow, highlight and exposure compensation is performed.

Additional controls let you adjust the shadow, highlight and exposure
controls to compensate for negatives taken under varying light conditions.
Adjusting the highlight, shadow and exposure controls alter contrast along
perceptual lines. When altering the tonal contrast in an image, highlight
and shadow controls are able to stretch the tonal range between -50% to
150%, expanded from the normal range of 0 to 100%. This creates a
temporarily expanded color space for tonal corrections. After you have made
your changes, this expanded color space is compressed more smoothly into
the 0 to 255 range of levels. This technique helps to preserve tonal
relationships and produces smooth ramps and an even distribution of tones.
This is especially critical when fine work is required such as working with
skin tones. Use the Exposure Control field to further enhance the smooth
quality of the image.

The Equalize button allows balancing of the effects of shadow and highlight
settings to produce a more pleasing effect.

CSI Noise
=========
CSI Noise is used like CSI PhotoFilter to modify the overall cast of an
image. Whereas CSI PhotoFilter applies the filtration over the complete
image, CSI Noise applies its effect randomly.

CSI Noise is useful for producing a variety of effects. The Luminance check
box switches the results of the Noise filter from color noise to brightness
noise. In color noise mode (Luminance checkbox unchecked) the noise is
generated in the color described by the settings of Hue, Saturation and
Brightness. In brightness or luminance noise mode, the brightness of a
pixel is varied randomly depending on the Saturation setting. In other
words, the Saturation control sets the variance in the distribution of
luminance. In this mode, the Hue control does not affect anything.

In both modes, the Coverage field sets the percentage of the image that is
affected by the filter's operation.

Hints and Tips
When compositing pictures, placing an object against a flat colored
background may make the composition look wrong. This is because the
background is monochromatic while the image in front of the background is
photo-realistic. In this case, uncheck the Luminance check box, and use the
eyedropper to select the background color. Change the Hue slightly. Set
Coverage values in the low to medium range, and appropriate Saturation
values. This random noise creates simulated detail. This technique is also
useful for making 3-D images and compositions look more photo-realistic.

Using color noise with appropriate Hue, Saturation and Coverage values, it
is possible to simulate the effects of reticulation, a chemical process
performed in the darkroom. An application of luminance noise is to simulate
film grain where needed. This may be a desired effect for images shot with
digital cameras.

CSI PhotoFilter
===============
CSI PhotoFilter is used to modify the colorcast of a complete image.
Besides changing the color cast, CSI PhotoFilter can also change or correct
the exposure of the image. CSI PhotoFilter uses a sophisticated optical
color matching method that is different than simply adding or subtracting
color. It computes the effect of placing a traditional glass or gelatine
filter in front of a camera's lens. For example, if you have decided to add
red, the green and blue hues will be affected too, although inversely.
Optically, adding red is the same as subtracting green and blue. To ensure
correct tonal balance, CSI PhotoFilter adds the red and subtracts the green
and blue in percentages that preserves the overall tonal quality of the
image. CSI PhotoFilter simulates the effect of filters and is not the same
as using color-editing tools such as curves or levels in image editing
programs. Red has been used as an example but the method applies to any
selected color.

Another area that CSI PhotoFilter may be used in is to introduce color in
white areas of the image, or areas that have no tone whatsoever. This is
something that most color editing tools in image editing applications
cannot do easily.

Hints and Tips
Sampling the same color as the color of the image area being processed will
brighten that color. Adding the complement of the color will darken that
color in the image. Because it is difficult to calculate the correct
complementary color it is recommended that you use the eyedropper to obtain
a sample of the original color and then subtract that color by reducing the
brightness towards a negative value. Negative brightness values subtract
color, while positive brightness values add color. If you do not wish to
obtain an overly washed out effect apply the brightness control gradually.
CSI PhotoFilter can be used to change the colorcast of an image to imitate
moonlight, afternoon sunshine, green fluorescent lighting and other mood
effects. As you work with filter effects, keep in mind the exposure as
well. When simulating effects like Moonlight, for example, it is not enough
to make the image have a blue cast. The exposure of the image should also
be reduced to simulate the effects of photography under low light
conditions.

When using PhotoFilter presets, especially the color correction and light
balancing settings, please keep in mind that PhotoFilter will automatically
shift the exposure to compensate for the filter factor. This is similar to
using a real filter on a non-auto-exposure camera. In this case it is
necessary to increase the exposure to compensate for the loss of light
resulting from using the filter.

CSI PseudoColor
===============
CSI PseudoColor is used to create startling false color images. This type
of filter may be used as a creative tool to create extremely stylized pop
art effects; as well as in the production of scientific images. The
PseudoColor effect has been patterned after infrared color film with
various colored filters.

CSI PseudoColor is extremely sensitive to the brightness settings. If a low
Brightness level is set, the effect will be that of infrared film without
any filtration. To see the effect of filtration on the infrared simulation,
select appropriate Hue and Saturation settings and also use a relatively
high Brightness setting.

Hints and Tips
As with most special effect filters the effect is hard to describe as it is
greatly influenced by the choice of color filtration and the colors in the
original image. PseudoColor works best with vegetation and skin tones but
any image may be used if pop art effects are the purpose of the filter's
application.

(c) 1995-97 Cytopia Software Incorporated. All rights reserved.
Under copyright laws, this manual may not be copied or duplicated, in whole
or in part, without the written consent of Cytopia Software Incorporated.
Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software
license agreement. Every effort has been made to ensure that the
information in this manual is accurate. Cytopia Software Incorporated is
not responsible for printing or clerical errors.

Cytopia and PhotoOptics are trademarks of Cytopia Software Incorporated.
Macromedia and Macromedia Fireworks are trademarks of Macromedia, Inc.,
Adobe and Adobe Photoshop are trademarks of Adobe Systems, Inc., Microsoft
Windows, and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other product
names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of others.

Creating new images in Photoshop

2009-12-13T01:29:00.000-08:00

We can work on image in photoshop by creating new Images, scanning Images andImporting Existing Iamges. The New command lets us create ab blank imae. Creating a new image involves five key decisions: Imges Name, Image width and Height, Imge Resolution, Image Mode, and Image Contents.

LPI Chart

2009-12-11T17:25:00.000-08:00

LPI Chart
Output/paper Typical Screen Frequency in LPI

Screen printing 35-65
Laser Printer/photocopier
Copier or matte laser paper 50-90

Laser printer/photocopier
Coated paper 75-110

Quick printer coated paper 60-85
Quick printer coated paper 75-110
Offset printing newsprint 60-85
Offset printing uncoated Appear 85-133
Offset Printing coated Paper 120-150+
High quality offset or gravure such as
Glossy color magazines 150-300

Scammomg Images

When we scan our image , it would be helpful if we could scan it to the size that we actually want on the final printed piece. This will avoid problems in interpreting the correct density and thus, the clarity, of our photograph. For example if we are designing an advertisement that is going to be used in uncoated news print paper and the photo we are scanning will double in size in our layout. We need to work on the scanning resolution he fore hand. Since that ad is going to be used in an uncoated news print paper, It will be output on an image setter at halftone line screen frequency of 133lpi. Since the size will double in the layout. The enlargement factor is 2. Therefore, scan resolution =2*133

We can scan images and import them using Photoshop application . It is possible through TWAIN cross platform interface, Once the components of the same are installed on .Outré Pc we can use Photoshop to import images captured by certain scanners, digital comers and frame grabbers.

Printer Screen Frequency

2009-12-07T00:59:00.000-08:00

Printer Screen Frequency

Definition: Screen frequency is the number of halftone cells per inch in the halftone screen that the printer uses to reproduce a color or grayscale separation.

The way printers reproduce images, simulating continuous tone images by printing lines of halftone spots is measured in LPI. Screen Frequency affects the size and sharpness of the halftone spots spots the image setter will redder. Choosing the correct scene frequency will deepen on such things as the type of paper it will be printing on and amount of dot gain expected on the press.

Printer resolution

2009-12-05T03:32:00.000-08:00

Photoshop Pixel dimensions

2009-12-05T03:30:00.000-08:00

Photoshop Pixel dimensions

It is the number of pixels in the image both horizontally and vertically. For example with a pixel dimension of 300*300 , an image has a total of 90,000 pixels

Photoshop Image Resolution

Definition: Resolution is a measurement of the output Quality of an image, usually in terms of samples, pixels, dots, or lines per inch.
The number of pixels per unit of length in an image is called the images resolution . The resolution of an image is determined by the number of pixels per printed.

Photoshop Image Resolution

The most important thing to understand abut resolution is the relationship between an image’s resolution and an image’s print size. An image with a high resolution has more piels then an image of the same dimension with a low resolution.

In graphic industry image are referred as high resolution or low relation High resolution would be an im age for print, generally having 300 pixels per inch or more. Low resolution refers to images only intended for screen display. generally having 100 pixels per inch or less.

photoshop Image Size and Resolution

2009-11-30T00:28:00.000-08:00

photoshop Image Size and Resolution

in order to produce high-quality images, it is important to understand how the pixel data of images is measured and displayed.

Pixel

Pixels are tiny colored squares that we can see if we increase the magnification of any image to its maximum,. A typical image contains million of pixels. Which is why digital camera output is defined in mega pixels

A digital color image pixel has a RGB data value .Each pixel’s color sample has there numerical RGB values to represent the color. These three RGB components are three 8-bit RGB component can have 256 possible values. Raging form 0 to 255 . For example, three values like to indicate one orange pixel.

vfx Categories

2009-11-27T21:20:00.000-08:00

* Design
* Digital Art
* Drawing
* Featured Articles
* Miscellaneous
* Photo Manips
* Text Effects
* Web Graphics
* Web Layouts

A study in motion graphics for after effects

2009-11-27T08:34:00.000-08:00

A study in motion graphics for after effects
________________________________________
Found this while hunting around the adobe site. It a series of small videos about using after effects and motion graphics.
I've only watched the first few chapters myself so far but it seems to cover the basics, might be useful for someone who hasn't used AE before ands wants a quick primer in what its capable of and how to get started.

So far each one has been just a few minutes long

Visual effects

2009-11-22T01:33:00.000-08:00

It has been suggested that DFX/ Digital FX be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)
Visual effects (commonly shortened to Visual F/X or VFX) are the various processes by which imagery is created and/or manipulated outside the context of a live action shoot. Visual effects often involve the integration of live-action footage and computer generated imagery (CGI) in order to create environments which look realistic, but would be dangerous, costly, or simply impossible to capture on film. They have become increasingly common in big-budget films, and have also recently become accessible to the amateur filmmaker with the introduction of affordable animation and compositing software.
Contents[hide]
1 Timing
2 Categories
3 See also
4 Further reading
5 External links
//
[edit] Timing
Visual effects are frequently integral to a movie's story and appeal. Although most visual effects work is completed during post-production, it usually must be carefully planned and choreographed in pre-production and production. A visual effects supervisor is usually involved with the production from an early stage to work closely with production and the film's director to achieve the desired effects.
[edit] Categories
Visual effects may be divided into at least four categories:
Models: miniature sets and models, animatronics.
Matte paintings and stills: digital or traditional paintings or photographs which serve as background plates for keyed or rotoscoped elements.
Live-action effects: keying actors or models through bluescreening and greenscreening.
Digital animation: modeling, computer graphics lighting, texturing, rigging, animating, and rendering computer-generated 3D characters, particle effects, digital sets, backgrounds.